CONSTRUCTION and ARCHITECTURE IN AZERBAIJAN

Summary

The scientific legacy left by professor K.Terzaghi continues to attract the attention of geotechnical scientists, who seek to rigorously test the hypotheses he proposed and experimentally verify their relevance. The author developed a new method and device for simpler and more accurate research on the "sensitivity" of clays during swelling on the same soil sample. This parameter for investigation was proposed in K.Terzaghi's monograph. Our research has shown that the destruction of clay soil structure is associated with the breakdown of cementing bonds that form during prolonged genesis. Tests of natural clay soils under the compression-swelling mode in K.Terzaghi's studies showed that in the absence of lateral expansion, the swelling curve takes the form of a logarithmic curve and the modulus of elasticity for swelling decreases in direct proportion to the external load. Our studies have shown that in various monomineralic clays, a constant equilibrium hysteresis loop is formed by the 4- 5th test cycle in the compression-swelling mode. Experimental and model studies of clay soil shrinkage during drying showed that compression stresses in clays of different mineral compositions fully correspond to the capillary theory, as applied by K.Terzaghi to clay soils. The prospective temperaturemoisture analogy proposed by K.Terzaghi for studying the stressed-deformed state of clay soils has proven to be very relevant. This method has been widely used by the author in studies of the stresseddeformed state of swelling clay soils. In the developed method, instead of the temperature potential, an increasing moisture content energy source is used, represented as energy-active water that physically and chemically manifests itself in the unit volume of swelling clay soil over time. The field studies and the construction of graphs for the settlement of the pit floor and the dependence of soil saturation depth on soaking time allowed perform the calculations using the swelling prediction method proposed by K.Terzaghi and the numerical integration method proposed by the author. The difference in results was only 9% that demonstrates the practical effectiveness of K.Terzaghi's method.